Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) have been used to design Decision Support Systems and particularly for medical informatics to develop Intelligent Diagnosis Systems. Even though they have been successfully used in many different areas, there are situations where incomplete and vague input information may present difficulty in reaching a decision. In this chapter the idea of using the Case Based Reasoning technique to augment FCMs is presented leading to the development of an Advanced Medical Decision Support System. This system is applied in the speech pathology area to diagnose language impairments..